Paying in China as a foreigner
China went cashless faster than anywhere on Earth, and it did it in Mandarin. You can set up Alipay and WeChat Pay before you fly — the part nobody prepares you for is the thirty seconds at the counter when the code will not scan and the queue is waiting.

Before you fly
WeChat Pay and Alipay for foreigners used to mean a Chinese bank account. It does not any more: both apps take foreign cards, and neither needs one. That is the single biggest change of the last few years and it is why advice written before 2024 is worth ignoring. Visa, Mastercard and Diners Club work on both; the rest of the list differs between the two apps and has kept growing — American Express, JCB, Discover and internationally issued UnionPay have all been added somewhere along the way. If you carry anything other than Visa or Mastercard, try it in both apps before you decide one of them has refused you.
Do the setup at home. Verification wants a passport photo and a working phone number, and both are easier on your own wi-fi than in an airport queue. Install both apps, not one — they are not interchangeable, and which one a particular stall accepts is not predictable.
Fees and transaction limits change, and the figures repeated across travel blogs do not match what either company publishes. Alipay’s own Tour Pass agreement says the rate and the fee are determined by Bank of Shanghai, on its own or jointly with the card organisation or your issuer — not set by Alipay. So check the current terms in the app at the time you travel rather than trusting a number in an article, including this one.
The two QR codes, and why it matters
This is the thing that catches everyone, and it is a language problem disguised as a technology problem. Every guide to WeChat Pay and Alipay for foreigners tells you to install the apps; almost none of them tell you this. There are two different QR codes and they work in opposite directions.
Get this the wrong way round and you will stand there holding up a code at someone who is holding up a code back at you. Hence the most useful sentence on this page: 我扫你还是你扫我? — do I scan you, or you scan me?
What to actually say
Ten phrases covering the whole transaction, from asking whether an app is accepted to sorting out a payment that has not landed. The tone marks are coloured so you can see the shape of each syllable before you say it.

When it goes wrong
Payments fail in China for boring reasons, and almost always the same three.
The signal is bad
Inside a shopping centre or a basement, almost always. Say it and everyone will nod — it is the most common cause by a distance.
Your daily limit is reached
Silent, and it looks exactly like a declined card. Check the app rather than assuming the payment method is wrong.
Your bank at home blocked it
An unfamiliar merchant in an unfamiliar country. Tell them you are travelling before you go and this one disappears.
If a vendor says 没收到 — it has not come through — do not pay a second time until you have checked your own transaction list. Duplicate payments are common, getting the money back is slow, and you will be doing it in Mandarin.
Carry a few hundred yuan anyway. Cash has never once needed a signal, and a vendor cannot refuse it — see the last question below.
FAQs
Going to China sooner than you’d like to be ready for?
The Traveller course covers exactly this — payments, taxis, hotels, ordering — in the order you will actually meet them. One-to-one, and we start from wherever you are.
See the Traveller course